Chromium, 24 Cr Cingakan métalik kapérakan Bobot atom standar A r, std (Cr) 7001519961000000000♠ 51.9961(6)[ 1]
Wilangan atom (Z ) 24 Watek golongan 6 Période période 4 Blok blok-d Konpigurasi éléktron [Ar ] 3d5 4s1 Éléktron per kulit 2, 8, 13, 1 Pase ring STP padet Titik lebur 2180 K (1907 °C, 3465 °F) Titik didih 2944 K (2671 °C, 4840 °F) Kapadetan (nampek s.r. ) 7.15 g/cm3 ri kala éncéh (ring t.l. ) 6.3 g/cm3 Panes fusi 21.0 kJ/mol Panes panguapan 347 kJ/mol Kapasitas panes molar 23.35 J/(mol·K) Tekanan uap
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
1656
1807
1991
2223
2530
2942
Paindikan oksidasi −4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2 , +3 , +4, +5, +6 (manutin ring wilangan oksidasi, asam, basa, utawi oksida ampotér ) Kaéléktronégatipan skala Pauling: 1.66 Wasa ionisasi ka-1: 652.9 kJ/mol ka-2: 1590.6 kJ/mol ka-3: 2987 kJ/mol (malih ) Jeriji atom émpiris: 128 pm Jeriji kovalén 139±5 pm Garis spéktral saking chromiumRupa alami primordial Struktur kristal kubus mapusat badan (bcc) Kagelisan swara pales tipis 5940 m/s (ring 20 °C) Ékspansi térmal 4.9 µm/(m⋅K) (ring 25 °C) Konduktivitas térmal 93.9 W/(m⋅K) Resistivitas listrik 125 nΩ⋅m (ring 20 °C) bacakan magnétik antiférromagnétik (tepat ipun: SDW )[ 2] Karentanan magnétik molar 6996279999999999999♠ +280.0× 10−6 cm3 /mol (273 K)[ 3] Modulus Young 279 GPa Modulus Shear 115 GPa Modulus Bulk 160 GPa Rasio Poisson 0.21 Kakatosan Mohs 8.5 Kakatosan Vickers 1060 MPa Kakatosan Brinell 687–6500 MPa Nomor CAS 7440-47-3 Panemuan miwah isolasi kapertamaLouis Nicolas Vauquelin (1794, 1797)
Kategori:Chromium | pustaka
Kromium silih tunggil datu kimia antuk simbol Cr miwah wilangan atom 24. Punika datu kapertama ring seka 6 . Punika logam logam transisi mawarna klau, nyalang , katos, miwah emes.[ 4] Kromium punika aditip utama ring wesi tahan karat , sané minambahin cecirén anti-korosip. Kromium taler logam sané prasida kadadosang polés sané becik taler majeng daki. Kromium kapolés ngamantulang sawatara 70% spektrum kacingak , antuk sawatara 90% sunar infrabang kapantulang.[ 5] Aran datu puniki mawit saking kruna Yunani χρῶμα, chrōma , artos ipun warna ,[ 6] krana akéh sanyawa kromium ngasilang warna matiosan.
↑ Méija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry . 88 (3): 265–91. doi :10.1515/pac-2015-0305 .
↑ Fawcett, Eric (1988). "Spin-density-wave antiferromagnetism in chromium". Reviews of Modern Physics . 60 : 209. Bibcode :1988RvMP...60..209F . doi :10.1103/RevModPhys.60.209 .
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4 .
↑ Brandes, EA; Greenaway, HT; Stone, HEN (1956). "Ductility in Chromium". Nature . 178 (4533): 587. Bibcode :1956Natur.178..587B . doi :10.1038/178587a0 . S2CID 4221048 .
↑ Coblentz, WW; Stair, R. "Reflecting power of beryllium, chromium, and several other metals" (PDF) . National Institute of Standards and Technology . NIST Publications. Kaaksés 11 October 2018 .
↑ χρῶμα , Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon , on Perseus